The NYT article discusses a working paper by Muriel Niederle and Lise Vesterlund, economists who propose another theory for why women are not in top-paying jobs -- women are less competitive than men.
The statistics blog author questions the validity of the methodology of the experiment:
For the results of the experiment to be meaningful, you'd want to start with men and women who, aside from the gender difference, are pretty similar; otherwise, something besides gender might explain the women's lower participation in the tournament.
Pretty interesting stuff!
Click on the links to find out more.